1: Any 12+ HCP's: unbalanced, that have at least a 4-card Major if balanced, or that lack a ♦ stopper if balanced with no Major. 2: I'd say they're forced to game but I bet hands could be construed where theey stop at 4♣ or a 4-3 fit in a Major. 3: Minimum hands: 10 to some 12's. 4: You got me there. Hands with something (Hxx or better) in Diamonds? Hands with NOTHING (singleton or void) in Diamonds? Balanced hands with 13+? I suppose the later makes more sense. 5: 13+ and 4+ hearts. 6: 13+ and 4+ spades, not 4 hearts (unles 5-4). 7: ... 16: That there are way too many things that have to be agreed upon in order to communicate well with partner?