桥牌著作NO1

[3ntmk]

非常感谢k3q2从英国辗转弄来的珍贵桥牌名著Why You Lost at Bridge，中文名称《为什么你的桥牌会输》。它几乎是保管完好的新书。

 

k3q2无私的寄给了我，我当然不敢据为独有，已经制作该书的电子版，准备挂在qq群上，供大家学习。也真诚希望有英语水平好的牌友，给大家翻译讲解，最好有几名牌手一起来，一个人太辛苦了。

 

仅供学习切勿用于商业目的。

 

再次呼吁大家把自己的好书、好经验奉献出来。谢谢。

[sungh]

谢谢无将老师！还要给我们翻译出来！太好了！

[3ntmk]

已经上传华人论坛总部 QQ群共享，欢迎下载学习。

[CHINA_TD]

非常感谢楼主能分享这么好的东西

[caikq898]

感谢楼主分享好东西! :rolleyes:

[paizhang]

非常感谢分享

[caikq898]

上传第九章OCR清样

CHAPTER NINE

 

They Can't Fool Me!

 

IT Is well known that the Poker player who is never bluffed is a losing player.

So is the Bridge player who is never psyched.

Just as in Poker, so at Bridge there are moments when the possible cost of calling a bluff is greater than the gain is worth.

The good Poker player accepts these situations with a shrug.

"So I'm bluffed. So what!''

"So you're psyched. So what!''

It is no part of this book to teach you psychic bidding. If you indulge in it, that must remain your own personal indulgence.

And if it is one of the reasons why you lose at Bridge, it is a luxury reason, and this is a book on essentials.

Nobody can compel you to psych.

But you can't stop anybody psyching against you.

That is why I must discuss here the defense against psychics, shut-out bids, and all the other nuisance bids designed to rob you of your rightful heritage. For that is a part of the game in which the majority of players, including the psychic bidders themselves, are amazingly ignorant. Indeed, the ordinary player's only reaction, when he suspects he is being diddled out of something, is to overbid his own hand wildly.

It seems to him that because somebody his psyched, his own hand has become twice as good as it really is.

How often have you not heard a player explaining that he would never have bid that Slam normally, only he knew opponents were psyching. How often have you done it yourself?

The majority of the successes achieved by nuisance bids are not in keeping opponents out of makable slams, but in goading them into unmakable ones Therefore, before we go any further, grasp this point: Your hand has not improved because opponents may be psyching. It remains exactly as it was. As strong--but no stronger.

You must base your bidding on the values you hold-not on what you think opponents haven't got.

Part of the time your own values will be enough to combat what the enemy is doing. And part of the time they won't and the enemy will win. When you have realized this and cease com-

batting the inevitable,you will hold these victories to a minimum.

For the secret of satisfactory defense against nuisance bids lies in the paradox that there isn't one.

There is no defense that will work all the time.

The ambition of a nuisance bid is to confuse the opponents, disrupt their communications, put them on the spot, and generally throw a monkey wrench into their bidding machinery.

And part of the time the remaining cards will be so divided that it must succeed in its object. And when that happens, all you can do is accept your confusion and take what is left to you.

For if you attempt to avert defeat with a series of inspired guesses, you will, as often as not, turn a minor calamity into a complete disaster.

Consider that simplest monkey wrench of all-the preemptive bid. Still easily the most effective of all nuisance bids.

And the least dangerous to the user, provided it is made on reasonable playing strength. It mystifies nobody, partner knows exactly where he is, but it can put opponents in a very nasty spot merely because of the level from which it forces them to start. operating.

Take a simple example. You hold:

♠:73

♥:AK852

♦:AJ83

♣:Q5

And dealer, on your right, opens with three Spades. No getting away from it. You are in a spot.

Or again: You are South and hold:

♠:K76

♥:5

♦:AKJ943

♣:A82

The bidding: North: One Club. East: Three Hearts.

Most annoying.

 

In Example (1) you can bid four Hearts. And you may make it or you may come an unholy cropper. Or you can pass and perhaps miss a Slam. Whatever you do you may get a filthy result.

The point to realize is this : abandon all hope of a scientifically reached par result. And decide what is your best hope now.

And in this case (Example l) it is clearly to pass.

There are two more people to speak. They may clear up the situation. Even if they both pass it does not follow that you have missed four Hearts. Quite often you will find that you could not have made four Hearts, and they have not made three Spades.

Example (2) happened to me quite recently. Our opponents were not vulnerable. We were. It couldn't have been more infuriating. Instead of being able to bid two Diamonds over one Club and find our best contract in comfort (which might be anything from three No Trump to seven Diamonds), I had to take a stab in the dark. I nearly bid six Diamonds in a rage, but my early training prevailed. I conceded East full marks for the effectiveness of his nuisance bid, and settled down to find a bid that would give us the best possible result in light of that nuisance bid.

The obvious "safety first'' bid was to double three Hearts.

　　Clearly it was very unlikely that East could make it. Not impossible, but unlikely.

　　The average expectancy for this double would be about 300 points.

But this was not good enough when there was an almost certain game and rubber, or a possible Slam in the hand for us.

Furthermore, when East, who was a sensible player, bid three Hearts he was quite prepared to be doubled. He was expecting it.

And I hate doing what my opponents expect. And if, by any chance, three Hearts doubled should make--I just couldn't bear it.

Of course, if I could be guaranteed that my partner would dislike the double and take it out, that would be perfect. For then I should learn a bit more about my partner's hand, and that

might tell me how to proceed.

But I had no such guarantee.

So, till I had considered all the other alternatives, the double was off.

I considered them.

Four Hearts? Out of the question. I was not nearly strong enough. That would be just risking for trouble.

　　Four Clubs? Five Clubs? Ridiculous! Partner might have a four card suit. For a moment I toyed with the idea of four Diamonds. If my partner had opened on a maximum it would give him a chance to bid four No Trump, or even four Spades.

　　In that case I could bid four No Trump. But I decided against it,, for it was a greedy bid. It would work beautifully if partner had a maximum. But if he had opened on a minimum it might put him in an awful spot. He might even pass.

　　So I bid five Diamonds. It was far from perfect, but it was the best bid I could find. There should be a play for it whatever partner had opened on. And it told him at once, as no other bid could, that I was not stretching my hand to find a bid over the preempt, but that I had a darned good hand with a long and pretty solid Diamond suit. It still gave him the opportunity to bid six if he had opened on a maximum. And if there was a laydown Grand Slam, or, on the contrary, all the Diamonds were stacked against me-so that I went down at 5 Diamonds (whereas 5 or 6 Clubs could be made)--well there was nothing I could do about it.

　　 Actually, North passed five Diamonds in a trance, and put down an absolute minimum: ♠: 8, 4.♥: A, K, 7, 2. ♦: 7, 6. ♣: Q, J, 9, 6, 3. And I just scrambled home.

　　 So it was all right. But it need not have been.

　　 You will note that there are very few set rules of procedure in defending against preempts. Except in those rare cases where you hold such a whale of a hand that you can afford to bid the required number of No Trump over the preempt to force a response from your partner, you have to work out your own procedure each time. And all my experience has shown me that you get your best results in the long run by going quietly.

　　Reasonable risks--yes; but not foolhardy risks-even if they do come off sometimes. A business double of a three Spade preempt on a balanced hand of about four honor tricks, which partner will t,ake out if he has anything worth bidding, and not otherwise, is a reasonable risk. The number of times you will double them into game will be far less than the number of times you will get a good penalty, or else go game yourself.

　　When it comes to psychics, it is even more difficult to decide.

　　For at least you do know all about a preemptive bid. But you don't know anything about a psychic--not even if it is one.

　　But here I can suggest to you a method of procedure and a very excellent method, too. It is this:

　　Treas any suspected psychic as though it were a genuine bid and and bid your hand accordingly.until and unless proved otherwise.

　　 And if the psychic isn't proved until the bidding is over, then stay psyched.

　　 It is the same principle as that which applies against preemptive bids-a willingness to accept a bad result. A willingness to be psyched.

　　 If you accept this, then quite often you may find your weren't.

　　 Let me tell you about the hand that finally taught me this.

　　 It happened back in 1937 in the Metropolitan Pairs' Championship in New York, which, incidentally, I didn't win-or come even close. I was partnered by one of America's ranking players. And as long as the bidding was competitive--so that one had to play Bridge and not a system-we got along very nicely. But whenever we had the bidding to ourselves, we both adapted our bidding to please the other, got caught in a cross current and ended up in a series of contracts that would have disgraced a certified teacher. But that is by the way, and just to show that this "adapting'' business can be overdone.

　　 But now about the hand in question. Sitting South, I held the following:　

　　 ♠:KQJ976

　　 ♥:KJ76

　　 ♦:AQ5

　　 ♣:None

　 We were vulnerable, our opponent.s were not. West dealt and passed. North passed. East bid one Spade.

　　 Now East was one of America's leading players, a winner of many tournaments, and, most disturbing of all, famed for his psychic bidding. We were vulnerable. He wasn't. He had opened third hand.

　　 It couldn't have been more suspicious.

　　 However, the one thing you should not do in Bridge is to think for half an hour and then pass. Not because it is unethical--that only happens when your partner takes advantage of it-but because it gives the show away to the opponents. So I had no time to think the matter out. I passed.

　　 West bid two No Trump. This, of course, confirmed my suspicion that East had psyched. If West had enough strength to bid two No Trump, and I had my whale of a hand, what could East have? The answer was almost certainly a long suit of Clubs, into which he was going to switch if doubled.

　　 North passed East bid three Hearts.

　　 As I had passed. one Spade there was clearly no point in bidding now. I passed again.

　　 West bid three No Trump. North passed. East passed.

　　 And there I was.

　　 Now I had time to think. I was still certain East had psyched,and would switch into Clubs if doubled. But that was not the point. Were we missing anything ourselves? Could we make four Spades? There was just no answer to that one. We might or we might not. West evidently had a fairly good hand. My partner had passed. It was a pure toss-up.

　　 The next point was, could they make four Clubs? Probably not, but they might not be set many--certainly not as many as they would be at three No Trump. Should I pass and let them play three No Trump undoubled? If they went down five it might still be a fair result. But again no--for if I did not double,my partner was almost certain to lead a Club, of which he probably held something like J, x, x, x, and they might even make their contract.

　　 So, almost reluctantly, and with many misgivings, I doubled.I still had not decided what I would do if East bid four Clubs.

　　 West tranced, clearly contemplating a re-double,then passed.

　　 North passed.

　　 East passed.

　　 North lead the ten of Spades. We defeated that contract six tricks= 1100 point,s.

　　 The four hands were:

[hv=pc=n&s=skqj976hkj76daq5c&w=s2h52dt987cakqt82&n=stht43dk432cj9765&e=sa8543haq98dj6c43]399|300[/hv]

　　 West, not East, was the psychist. East merely had a very weak opening bid, and had rather unwisely bid the hand twice, trying to find a safe landing spot.

　　 East put up the Ace of Spades. He could see eight tricks,provided the Clubs broke, and the hope for some sort of an end play for the ninth. As the Clubs didn't break, and as he took the Heart finesse to try and save something from the week, he went down six. A cold top for us.

　　 For at all t,he other tables, and there were twenty-five of them,South's hand had got busy over East's bid of one Spade, and N.-S. had ended up in a series of Spade contracts ranging up to four Spades redoubled. The next best result to ours was a pair that had somehow got themselves into three No Trump, which (as their opponents forgot to ~ their five tricks) they made. But that only scored 600 points.

　　 It boiled down to this: I couldn't have been more wrong about the hand while it was being bid. I couldn't have got a better result.

　　 Blind luck? I sat down to think it out. I found that, quite unconsciously I had stumbled on the right principle of defense against psychics--the principle of believing them, pending further evidence. By my willingness to be psyched, I had given our opponents plenty of rope to hang themselves, and they had.

　　 And the fact that on this occasion East-West were only semi-psychic did not affect the principle of my discovery.

　　 The hand is a trap for either side. And the hand had trapped the opponents, not us, because I had bid my own values in accordance with the bidding and ignored my suspicions. For it is clear that if the bid of one Spade is genuine, then my only possible bid is to pass awaiting developments. There is no other sensible bid to make at this stage.

　　 But suppose East had been bidding a psychic? Would not my beautiful top have become a bottom?

　　 The answer is, not necessarily. The subsequent bidding might have revealed t.he psychic and allowed us to find our correct contract. Or not. Or, quite likely, opponents would get into so much trouble with their psychic that it would more than compensate us for anything we might have missed.

　　 For, when I passed one Spade there was nothing to make East suspect that his partner's bid was not genuine.

　　 For t.he man who bids a psychic shoots a very dangerous arrow into the air, and his partner will have an awful time trying to follow it if the opposition remains silent and refuses to point out his path to him.

　　 Therefore I urge you to forget that there is such a thing as a psychic in the opening round of bidding. Treat the suspected bid as genuine. Make the normal bid over it. If you have an informatory double make it. H you have the values to overbid with one No Trump, bid one No Trump. And if policy dictates a pass, then pass.

　　 Of course, sometimes the remaining cards will be distributed in such a manner that the psychic will remain undiscovered until too late and you will get a bad result. That is inevitable.

　　 But you will find that this policy will expose a large percentage of the psychics without at any time running any appreciable risk yourself. When it doesn't, the opponents will get into trouble quite a lot of the time.

　　 And, final argument, you will gain heavily each time opponents are not psychic. For then they will be landed with the misfit hand instead of you.

　　 Now a very necessary word of warning. The bulk of the points won at Bridge is won by finding your own correct contract and not by pushing the enemy into the wrong one. It is only when the enemy nuisance bidding has made it too difficult for you to reach your own contract, except by guessing, that you should fall back on the secondary objective.

　　 So do not allow the policy of passing good hands because there is nothing better to do develop into a policy of trap passes on enormous holdings in the hope will the enemy will get into trouble. They won't do it often enough. And, on balance, it can only result in a loss of bidding time and unnecessary difficulties later.

　　 Whenever you have an obvious, sound, constructive bid to make, don't wait. Make it. Don't worry whether the enemy are psychic, semi-psychic, riding for a fall, or just plumb crazy.

　　 Make it.

　　 Tell your partner about your hand.

　　 Go after your own contract.

[lycier]

http://www.thebridgeschool.com/images/suitline.gif

TABLE OF CONTENTS

http://www.thebridgeschool.com/images/suitline.gif

WHY YOU LOSE AT BRIDGE by S.J.Simon

PART ONE: YOUR TECHNICAL GAME

 

1. The Points You Lose "Ignoring The Odds"
2. The Points You Lose Playing the Dummy
3. The Points You Lose in Defense
4. The Points You Lose "Bidding"
5. The Points You Lose NOT Doubling
   
   
    
   
   
   PART TWO: YOUR PSYCHOLOGY
   
   
    
   
   
6. Your Battlefield
7. Don't Teach Your Partner
8. Half a Loaf
9. They Can't Fool Me!
10. Fixed—By Palookas!
11. The Logic of Luck

A Rubber at the Club

这是史上最伟大的桥牌著作之一，上面内容是该书的目录。

[madongjun]

从目录看，就觉得是不错的书箱！只是看英文原版还是有点费劲。

[yin970902]

这是我买的几本外文书之一，3ntmk，不用那么麻烦的，有些书可以在亚马逊中国网站买

[dvd]

这个在哪里下载？有电子书的朋友能否发一份给我？Email：liny012@hotmail.com 先谢谢了！

[ambetter]

谢谢分享，慢慢学习！