Also, it's worth pointing out that even if you have a weak-ish hand with a good fit for partner and useful distribution, while you should be bidding game to make, even if partner is at the lower end of his bid and game has no prayer you often preempt the opponents out of their making contract. Ya, you feel bad when you freely bid game and partner's hand just isn't what you wanted and you go down a trick or two. You feel like you've turned a sure plus into a minus. But in the long run this evens out with all the times you make game or keep the opponents from their more lucrative making contract. And sometimes the opponents bid over you when neither of you are making anything. I guess in summary: stay low with 8 trumps unless you have a hand rich with aces and kings or otherwise a lot of winners. with 9 trumps and a balanced hand, determine how much wastage you might have and stay low if you think your honors are poorly placed. with 9+ trumps and some distribution, be aggressive. those little trump cards are just as good as kings and queens if you can use them to ruff the second or third round of a suit.