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Me and my partner play attitude discards against both suit and notrump contracts. However, it’s a bit unclear to me if attitude should still apply if we discard in a suit already played, either by us or the opposition. Sometimes our high cards in the suit will already be known, for example if we lead Q from a sequence against a suit contract. Also, you are usually not interested in a suit that has already been opened by declarer earlier in play. Playing 4th best leads against notrump, it also seems useful in many instances to discard our lowest card from five or more, giving partner count (this does not apply as much against suit contracts since here we play 3rd/5th). What is common agreements here, and what do you recommend?

Is 2/1 also forcing to game in the minors, or can 4♣ and 4♦ generally be passed out?

For people playing transfers after 1♣, is it common to play that this system is on after: 1♣ - (dbl) ?

I've struggled to find the answer to a rather simple question. About how often must a slam (small or grand) make for the bid to be profitable long term at IMP scoring? If I understand the scoring correctly, a non-vulnerable game has to make about 50% of the time to break even, while a vulnerable game has to make about 40% of the time. What about slams? If i understand correctly, they need to make more than 50% of the time?

Me and my partner do not have an agreement that you promise tolerance for diamonds here (perhaps we should?). It usually shows 4+♦, though we do open 1♦ with 4432 (with two clubs). 1NT is 15-17 in our system.

North/South vulnerable. You sit North and are the dealer in MP. ♠AKTxx ♥JT ♦98xx ♣xx The bidding goes pass-pass-1♦-3♣ What would you bid after this? Would you pass, bid 3♦ or bid 3♠?

I've been wondering how to open the bidding with this shape, and what is the best "lie" to tell, as it seems that you often have to do that during the course of the bidding. It seems to get even harder if you have a 20+ hand and p responds 2!d after your 2!c bid. Do you open in NT with some hands if you have a singleton ace or king for example? Does anyone have some general tips on this, or even better, could link to an article dealing with this subject?

I am wondering what is standard/considered to be best in modern bidding in the following sequences. Is openers second bid strong and natural, or is it splinter? 1. 1♦ – 1♠ – 3♣ 2. 1♥ – 1♠ – 3♦ 3. 1♣- 1♥ - 2♠