Here's my general guidelines: *note, with extremely distributional hands losing trick count tends to work better than counting HCP. Points in the short suits should be HEAVILY discounted, non-A's should generally be ignored* I would value QJ109x x AKJ10xx x higher than KJxxx K AKxxxx K While the first hand has only 11 HCP and the 2nd hand has 17 HCP. The first hand is much better suited for offense with the good spots, allowing you to play opposite shortness in partner's hand and little wasted value and no defense. The 2nd hand is much better for defense. Note the stiff K's are most likely worthless on offense while it may be worth almost half a trick on defense (should they chose to finesse the Q) I would value the K's not only as 0 but -1 HCP. So now the 2nd hand is really only 10 pts and the first hand should be upgraded a by at least 1 point if not 2 for the good 109 spade spots and the J10 in diamonds making it 12-13. Note these are evaluations for KEY HCP's not total points. I'd say the first hand is worth 20+ pts should a fit be found, as with just Kxx of spades from partner 4s is a favorite to make. For playing strength on offense the two hand are roughly equal, with the first still favored but since the 2nd hand defends better than the first hand I would bid the 2nd hand LESS competitively than the first and be more keen to let them play or sit for partner's double. General guidelines for opening minor vs major. -If I have a good 6c minor and a 5c major I open a minor (aka the minor must be good KQ10xxx or better and At least as good as the major): Q5432 x AKJ10xx x (yes this is only 10 HCP but with only 6 or so losers and the understanding when I bid minor, major, major I may have a lot fewer HCP I'm wining to start with a fake reverse) KQ109x x AKJ10xx x (this hand I would probably open 2c, even though it's only 13 HCP it has only about 3 1/2 losers. My plan is to hopefully first bid 3d then get the chance to bid spades twice. If the auction gets competitive I'll compete up to 5d generally unless the auction warns me that is not a good idea). The main concern here is not that my partner has no points but a complete misfit with a similar hand in hearts and clubs, xxxx xxx xxx xxx makes 4s an excellent proposition with I'd say a 50-50 chance to make off of just 13 HCP between both hands, when it goes down the opponents probably have a good shot at making slam. The nightmare hand would be x KQxxx x KQJxxx. This style is certainly not for most people, but my motto is "live by the sward die by the sward". With a new partner and without good planning I'd recommend opening this 1d then keep bidding spades until you hit 4s (unless your partner supports one of your early then consider bidding some more) -If I have a bad 6c minor and a good 5c major I will open the major. AKJ10x x Q10xxxx x (when it fells like you'll almost always be playing in 4 of the major instead of 5 of the minor then get it in the picture first and try to bid the minor twice, this hand isn't 2 far from a AKJ10x - KQxxx xxx which you'd surely open 1s) -The more wasted value I have in the short suits the more I'm inclined to open the major so I won't feign strength with a reverse and allowing the opponents to buy their contact at a lower level. The more spots I have and honors in my long suits the more I'm inclined to open the minor QJxxx K QJxxxx K I'm more likely to open 1s and bid diamonds twice KQ109x x KQ109xx x I will open 1d then reverse and re-bid spades. This may or may not be right but It's generally how I bid. Hope it's of some use.