Most helpful, my friend. Thank you. I too want bridge to be fun and am too old to fight! So your advice is well taken. Once, back when I suppose I would call myself an intermediate, I had a fiery partner who was in the special forces of another country, training with our military. He was an expert and once, when I missed bidding a grand slam, he looked across the table and said: "You idiot! I ought to break your &%$#@ing neck!" We went out for drinks afterward. When you said you ask permission to join an unlocked hand--did you mean it the other way around? Thanks, Russ